Drawing mechanisms in textile machines



June 6, 1933. P. LiTTY 1,912,946

DRAWING MECHANISMS IN TEXTILE MACHINES Filed Nov. 18, 1931 3Sheets-Sheet 1 LI l l Jz v erzzor:

Jung 6, 1933. P. um 1,912,946v

DRAWING MECHANISMS 1N TEXTILE MACHINES Filed Nov. 18, 1931 5Sheets-Sheet 2 lu'riel, 1933. P. LITTY 1,912,946

DRAWING MECHANISMS IN TEXTILE MACHINES Filed Nov. 18, 1951 3Sheets-Sheet 3 f74. P' 59 k lbg 2 J//' d2 a2 /J p g" 2 f 776 C. a L 7 2723 72 7 1I Patented June 6, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENTv OFFICE PAULLIT'rY, oF LEIPZIG, GERMANY DRAWING MEGHANISMS IN TEXTILE MACHINES lApplication led November` 18, 1931, Serial No. 575,928,` and in GermanyNovember 25, 1930.

It has already beenproposed to ascertain the distance of the feedrollers from the drawing rollersin textile machines by means of aweight-loaded feeler adapted to be mounted on a band of fibrousmaterial.` For arriving at the weight in each case itis necessary toknow the yarnnu'mber or count, or, more correctly, the count as alreadychanged `by the drawing rollers.

The invention provides means whereby this can be ascertained morerapidly and ac- .curately and `also independently of the count.

A device for carrying out the method is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings by way of example in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of the device(the upper pair of feed rollers being removed),

i Fig. 2 a. front view of the device,

Fig. 3 a side view of the saine partly in section, for showing the meansfor driving the pairs of feed rollers (section on line III-III of Fig.1),

i Fig. 4 a section of Fig. lon line IV-IV,

Fig. 5 a side view partly in section through various parts of thedriving means for the pairs of feed rollers (section on line V-V of Fig.1), f

Fig. 6 a side view of the band of fibrous material to an enlarged scale,when the nipping point of one pair of feed rollers is displaced (wavy),y

. Fig. 7 a side view of the same after a pair of feed rollershas beendisplaced and the correct distance of the pair of feed rollers has beenascertained (stretched straight again). y

` In the drawings a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, d1, cl2 are pairs of feedrollers of the ascertaining device which correspond to the feed rollersof the drawing mechanism of ateXtile machine. `These feed rollers willbe herein after referred to throughout as rollers, At e the drivingmeans of a pair of rollers, namely of a1, a2 is indicated by a crank.-This drive can ofcourse also be effected by mechanical means from acountershaft or by a ldriving machine, for y instance an electric motor.The top rollers a2 to d2 areloaded in a known manner by weights fattached to pull members. The pairs of rollersare jour nalled inhousings g, b, i, la. The housings g are made integral withthe bedplateZ and the housings 71, are integral with a plate m which is slidable onthe said bed plate `and which itself forms a guidefor the displacementof the housings i and k. The displacement of the housings of the pairsof rollers, is effected by conveyor spindles n with three separatethreaded parts n1, a2, n3, the threads of which are differently handedand of different pitch. 0 is a guiding roller in front of the'pairs ofrollers.` At p and g are indicated two bands of fibrous material, folIinstance rovings, which `travel through the device. For the foremostdraw the pairs of rollers a1, a2 to bl, b2 form the nipping points. y

According to the invention by altering the distance between the nippingpoints of `the pairs of-feed rollers, for instance by moving thenip-ping points of a rear pair of feed roll ers forward towards that ofthe pair of feed rollers disposed in front of it an artificial wavingofthe band of fibrous material is produced when it leaves the forward pairof feed rollers and this waving is caused to disappear again by alteringthe distance between the pairs of feed rollers, i

For this displacement ofthe nipping point a push or pull member is used.In the constructional example shown in the drawings a push member isselected which consists 'of a knife edge 2 mounted slightly in front ofthe pair of rollers b1, b2 on a lever 1. The lever is pivoted at 3, isprovided with a-.handle 4 and is balanced by a weight 5. On the handlean adjusting screw 6 is provided which on coming in contact with a stop6` limits the rocking motion of the lever 1 and consequently of the liftof the knife edge 2. Y On the lever 1 being rocked by means of thehandle 4 in the direction of the arrow A the band of fibrous material isforced upwards between the pairs of rollers a1,a2 and b1, b2, as isindicated by p. As the lever l grips with its knife edge 2 the drawnband of fibrous material between the nipping points (rollers a1, (t2,b1, b2) and bends out of its plane under pressure, a new nipping pointis formed on the knife edge 2 and the nipping point hitherto formed bythe rollers b1, b2 nolonger acts to the full extent, but the nippingpoint of the rollers b1, Z22 is displaced to the same extent on theknife edge 2. In this case the band of fibrous material commences tobecome wavy in a 'vertical plane, as shown in Fig. G. By removing thepair of rollers b1, b2 away from the pair of rollersal, a2 thiswavinesscan again be caused to disappear, so that the band of librous materialwill again be straight, as indicated in Fig. 7. At the moment in whichthe waviness disappears the correct distance between the nipping pointsis ascertained and this distance can be read oli' on a scale 7. Thedeterminatioin of the moment in which the waviness disappears isfacilitated if the knife edge 2 be alternately raised through beingrocked in the direction of the arrow A and rocked in the direction of'the arrow B. For accurately observing the waviness a mirror 8 with asighting tube 9 is provided, in which the image Vof the band of fibrousmaterial as seen from the side appears, as indicated in Fig. 1. Thesighting tube is suitably provided with a covering plate 10 whichprevents the band of fibrous material being seen from above, which mightinterfere with the observation from the side.

For the displacement of the separate housings 7L, z', 7c the following'arrangement is provided:

`In the frame of the device nuts 11 are rotate ably mounted, whichturned by a worm gear 12, 13 allow of the spindles being displaced inthe direction of the arrows D and E without turning the same. Thespindles cannot then turn as they are prevented from so doing by the key11 of the worm wheel 12. In

the housings 7L a female thread (not shown) for the spindles isprovided, in which the threaded part nl moves. 14 are adjustable collarswhich are fixed on the spindle. Between these adjustable collars 14 thespindle has no thread. The adjustable collars act as drivers for thehousings z'. 15 is a rotatable nut in the housings 7c, which can beturned by means of a worm gear 16, 17, but acts during the rotation ofthe spindles only as a female thread inthe housings 7c, as it is thenprevented by the worm 17 from taking part in the rotary motion. Y

For the purpose of increasing the distances between housings to the sameextent, the

spindles n are turned'for instance by means of a crank 18', the wormgear 13', 12 and the driving key 11. The housings a are therebydisplaced in the direction of the arrow F and the housings /c in thedirection of the arrow G. The distances z. and Je can be increased bythe thread al being for instance righthanded, while the thread a2 isleft-handed. The pitch of the two threads must, however, be the same. Onthe spindle being turned, the threaded part n3 will also turn in the nut11 which is locked by the worm gear 13, 12 and will thereby displace thespindle n with the housings t' in the direction of the arrow G. Thethread n3 has the same handedness as the thread n1, but its pitch istwice as great. The effect of this is that on the distance, forinstance, of to g being increased or decreased by two millimetres, thedistance of /L from z' and of /t from z' will be increased or diminishedby one millimetre and that of 7L from g also by one millimetre.

The arrangement described makes it possible to vary the distances of theseparate housings simultaneously by the same amount, that is, if forinstance the housings L are moved away from the housings g by onemillimetre, the housings z' are at the same tin-ie remo 'ed from thehousings L and the housings .7.: from the housings z each by onemillimetre.

1n order to enable the distances between the housings to be varied toany extent, there are provided worm gears 12, 13 and 16, 17. On the nut11 being turned by means of the worm gear 12, 13, for instance by acrank 18, the spindle can wit-hout turning be displaced in the directionof the arrows G or F and with it are moved the housings 7L, i and` 7:,while retaining their mutual distanceapart. Only the distance between gand 7L is altered since g is immovable and has no conncction with thespindle u.

1n order to enable the distance between 7c and '2f to be increased ordecreased alone, the nuts 15 are turned by means of the worm gear 17 and16 and the housings 7: thereby displaced on the stationary spindles forinstance in the direction of the arrow G. The corresponding distance canbe read ofi" on a scale 19.

iVhen it is desired to alter the distance f the housings c' from thehousings L alone, this can be ed'ected by turning the cranks 1S and 18simultaneously, the crank 18 being turned twice as often as the crank18. Means may also be provided whereby the worm gears of these cranksare interconnected by a shaft in such a manner that on the said shaftbeing turned for instance by means of bevel wheels, the spindle of thecrank 18 performs twice the number of revolutions as the spindle of thecrank 18. The distance between the housings and 7L can be read off onthe scale 20.

The operation may of course be carried out driven roller al over anumber of intermediate wheels toa shaft 2l. On the latter shaft ismounted a toothed wheel 22. On another shaft 28 is fixed a step coneQ4.v A shaft 25 is journalled in the frame of the device, on which ismounted a toothed wheel 26. On one side a toothed wheel 27, whichmeshesv with the toothed wheel Q2, is adapted to be brought intoengagement with each step of the step cone 24 and for this purpose isslidabletogether with the toothed wheel 22 on the shaft 2l andis adaptedto be lifted off the step cone by means of a handle 28. A weight 29keeps the toothed wheel Q7 normally in engagement with a correspondingtoothed wheel of the step cone 24. On the other side is a similartoothed wheel 30 which meshes with the toothed wheel 26 Vand which isadapted to engage with the separate steps of the step cone 24. Thistoothed wheel is also capable of being lifted out of engagement by meansof a handle 3l, and is normally kept by a weight 32 in engagement with astep ofthe step cone Q4. On the shaft 23 a toothed wheel 33 is keyedwhich drives the roller (ll through a rocking gear 34, 35. The rocliinggear allows of a displacement of this roiler without the wheels of therocking gear coming out of engagement with one another. On the shaft ofthe roller di is mounted a further step cone 36 and on the shaft of theroller cl a toothed wheel 37 is mounted so `as to slide thereon. Atoothed wheel 3S which meshes with the said toothed wheel is adapted tobe brought into engagement with the separate steps ofthe step cone 36.This wheel is mounted so as to turn in a hand lever 89 on the shaft ofthe roller cl and in this way transmits the rotary motion of the rollerall to the roller cl irrespective of the distance of these rollers fromone another. At 40 and 'l 4l. securing arrangements are indicated, by

which the position at any time of the toothed wheels Z7 and 3S withrespect `to their associated step cones 24 and 36 can be determined andmaintained. i Through a similar rocking gear a roller bl is driven fromthe shaft 25.

From the above description it will be seen that by displacing thetoothed `wheels 22 and 27 the ratio of the speed of revolution betweenthe rollers @land Z1 can readily be varied,

by dispnangae tooiheawheeis 37 and 38,

rthe ratio of the speeds of revolution between dl and c1 and bydisplacing the. toothed wheels 26 and 30 the ratioof the` speeds ofrevolution between eiland b1. l

- Behind the place Where the band of fibrous material leaves the drawingrollers is a matt plate 44 illuminated for instance by sources of light42, 43, which acts as a sliding surface for the b-and of fibrousmaterial.

The arrangement just described enables the draught between the separatehousings to be altered rapidly while the device is in operation, andnamely so rapidly that theimage of the band of fibrous material whichappears on the plate 44 enables the change from one draught to anotherto be clearly seen and `the most suitable draught thus ascertained.

The image of the band of fibrous material on the matt plate also enablesthe effect of the position of the rollers and the loading of the rollersto be seen.

1What I claim is: i l. A device for ascertainingthe. correct distanceand the most favourable draught of the feed rollers of drawingmechanisms in textile machines, consisting of a plurality of pairsoffeed rollers, means for driving the same, means for varying the distancebetween the pairs of `feed rollers, a band of fibrous material runningthrough between the feed rollers and a feeler lever which is capable ofbeing brought into engagement with theband of fibrous material, ofdisplacing the nipping point of the band of fibrous material and ofacting on the broad side thereof, as and `for the purpose setforth. Y

2. A device for ascertaining the correct distance and the mostfavourable draught of the feed rollers of drawing mechanisms in textilemachines, consisting offa plurality of pairs of feed rollers, means fordriving the same, means. for varying the distance between the pairs offeed rollers, also when the machine is in operation, a band of fibrousmaterial running through between the feed rollers, a feeler lever whichis capable of being brought into engagement with the band of `fibrousmaterial, of displacing the nipping point of the band of fibrousmaterial and of acting on the broad side thereof, and a idevice forobserving the narrow side of the band of fibrous material, as and `forthe purpose set forth.`

3. A device for ascertaining the correct distance and the mostfavourable draught of the feed rollers of drawing mechanisms in textilemachines, consisting of four pairs `of feed rollers, one stationary andthree displaceable housings in which the pairs of feed roll- "7o "Thearrangement is such that the third.

ers are journalled, means for driving theV pairs of feed rollers,longitudinally displaceable spindles for moving the three housings, oneach spindle a thread, next to the thread another thread having the samepitch as the first thread vbut of opposite hand and at the end of thespindle a thread of double the pitch, aband of fibrous material runningthrough between the feed rollers, a feeler lever which is capable ofbeing brought into engagement with the band of fibrous material, ofdisplacing the nipping point of the band of fibrous material and ofacting on the broadsid'el thereof, and a device for observing the narrowside of the band of fibrous material, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. A device for ascertaining the correct distance and the mostfavourable draught of the feed rollers of drawing mechanisms in textilemachines, consisting of a plurality of pairs of feed rollers, means fordriving one pair of feed rollers, an adjustable step wheel gear betweeneach of the separate pairs of feed rollers for transmitting the drive ofthe same from the first-named pair of feed rollers and for rapidlyvarying the draughts between the separate pairs of feed rollers, meansfor varying the distance between the pairs of feed rollers, a band offibrous material running through between the feed rollers, a feelerlever which is capable of being brought into engagement with the band offibrous material, of displacing the nipping point of the band of fibrousmaterial and of acting on the broad side thereof, and a device forobserving the narrow side of the band of fibrous material, as'and forthe purpose set forth.

5. A device for ascertaining the correct distance and the mostfavourable draught of the feed rollers of drawing mechanisms in textilemachines, consisting of a plurality of pairs of feed rollers, means fordriving the same, means for varying the distance between the pairs offeed rollers, a band of fibrous material running through between thefeed rollers, a feeler lever which is capable of being brought intoengagement with the band of fibrous material, of displacing the nippingpoint of the band of fibrous material and of acting on the broad sidethereof and a mirror with a sighting tube for enabling the narrow sideof the band of fibrous material to be observed, as and for the purposeset forth.

6. A device for ascertaining the correct distance and the mostfavourable draught of the feed'rollers of drawing mechanisms in textilemachines, consisting of a plurality of pairs of feed rollers, means fordriving the same, means for varying the distance between the pairs offeed rollers, a band of fibrous material running through between thefeed rollers, a fecler lever which is capable of being brought intoengagement with PAUL LITTY.

